1. Physical Structure of the Disk:
Floppy disk: A floppy disk is basically a circular sheet of plastic, coated with magnetic material. (फ्लपी डिस्क मूलतः प्लास्टिकको गोलाकार पाना हो, चुम्बकीय सामग्रीको साथ लेपित।)
Hard disk: A hard disk is made of a stack of circular platters, also coated with magnetic material. It is a sealed unit containing a stack of circular platters mounted on a common spindle. Electromagnetic read/write heads are located above and below each platter. The patters rotate at a constant speed, eg. 7200 rpm. The disk is divided tracks and sectors. (हार्ड डिस्क गोलाकार प्लेटर्सको स्ट्याकबाट बनेको हुन्छ, यसको चुम्बकीय सामग्रीसँग लेप गरिएको हुन्छ। यो एक सिल गरिएको इकाई हो जुन सामान्य स्पिन्डलमा आरोहित गोलाकार प्लेटर्सको स्ट्याक हुन्छ। विद्युत चुम्बकीय पठन / लेखन हेडहरू प्रत्येक थालको माथि र तल अवस्थित छन्। प्याटर्स स्थिर गतिमा घुमाउँदछ, उदाहरणका लागि। 7200 rpm डिस्कलाई ट्र्याक र क्षेत्रहरू विभाजित गरिएको छ।)
2. Concept of File and Folder:
File: A file is an item that contains information for example, text or image or music. A file can look like a text document or a picture. On your computer, file are represented with icons, this makes it easy to recognize a type of file by looking at its icon. (फाईल: फाईल एक आईटम हो जुन जानकारी, उदाहरणका लागि पाठ वा छवि वा संगीतको लागि समावेश गर्दछ। फाइल पाठ कागजात वा तस्वीर जस्तो देखिन्छ। तपाइँको कम्प्युटरमा, फाईलहरू आईकनहरूसहित प्रतिनिधित्व हुन्छन्, यसले यसको आइकन हेरेर फाइलको प्रकार चिन्न सजिलो बनाउँदछ।)
👍 Identification of file is file name.
👍 File name have two name : Primary and Secondary name.
👍 A part portion of computer program which some data information command of any one program/ same type program.
File name: 1. Primary name: The name before dot/point/period.
👍 The name create/ define by user.
👍 Valid symbol for file name : A-Z, 0-9, a-z, @,$,!,_,-,(),# etc.
👍 Primary name: 1 to 8 character in DOS and 255 in Windows.
2. Secondary name: also called extension name.
👍 It indicates the format of source application.
👍 The name which is give after period by program automatically.
Wild Character:
👍 Which character/letter/symbol is used by computer system already.
👍 Reserved character by system/computer.
👍 The Wild character are not supported in file name and folder name eg. /,\.?,|.
Folder:
👍 A location to save the file.
👍 A folder in a container or cabinet of file you can use to store files in. (कन्टेनर वा फाइलको क्याबिनेटमा रहेको फोल्डर तपाईंले फाइलहरू भण्डारण गर्न प्रयोग गर्न सक्नुहुनेछ)
👍 It is used for store, delete, move, file or subfolder.
File system:
👍 The organization of file in disk is called File System.
👍 File system used by the computer or more appropriately, the operating system.
(डिस्कमा फाईलको संगठनलाई फाइल सिस्टम भनिन्छ।)
(कम्प्युटर द्वारा प्रयोग गरिएको फाईल प्रणाली वा अधिक उपयुक्त, operating प्रणाली।)
Types of File System:
1. FAT File System: The File Allocation Table (FAT) file system was designed for small disks and simple directory structures. (फाइल आलोकेशन टेबल (FAT) फाइल प्रणाली सानो डिस्क र साधारण निर्देशिका संरचनाहरूको लागि डिजाइन गरिएको
Version of FAT
➤ FAT 12
➤ FAT 16
➤ FAT 32
2. NTFS File system: NTFS stands for New Technology File System. It has more performance, reliability, security and compatibility. This NTFS File system is not only secure but also supports larger file sizes. (योसँग अधिक प्रदर्शन, विश्वसनीयता, सुरक्षा र अनुकूलता छ। यो NTFS फाइल प्रणाली सुरक्षित मात्र छैन तर ठूला फाईल आकारहरू पनि समर्थन गर्दछ।)
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