History:
1. 3000 BC – Abacus – Chinese people – China – Earliest counting and calculating device (First mechanical calculating device).
2. 1617AD – Napier’s bones – John Napier – The invention was used for multiplying, dividing, and taking square roots and cube roots with Napier’s bones were multiplication tables written on strips of wood or bones.
3. 1622 – Slide rule – William Oughtred – The slide rule also known as mechanical analog computer.
4. 1642 – Pascaline – Blaise Pascal – invented a mechanical calculator add and sub.
5. 1673 – Leibniz’s calculator – Wilhelm Von Leibniz – improved version of Pascal calculator add, sub, multiply, divide and roots.
6. 1801- Punch card- Joseph Marie Jacquard – invents a mechanical loom.
7. 1821 - Charles Xavier Thomas de Colmar - first commercially successful digital mechanical calculator – Arithmometer.
8. 1822 – Difference Engines – Charles Babbage – Father of computer.
9. 1837 – Analytical Engine – Charles Babbage.
10. 1840 – Boolean algebra – George Boole.
11. 1843 – Machine algorithm – Ada Lovelace – First computer programmer.
12. 1890 – Tabulating Machine – Hermann Hollerith – invented the tabulating machine an electrical device, used punch card.
13. 1904 – Fleming Valve or vacuum tube diode – John Ambrose Fleming.
14. 1906 – Triode – Lee de forest.
15. 1927 – Analog Computer – Vannevar Bush and his 2 colleagues.
16. 1936 – German engineer – Konrad Zuse – Z1 computer – first freely programmable computer.
17. 1942 – Electronic digital computer (ABC) – John Atanasoff & Berry – first electronic special purpose digital computer ABC started being developed by Atansoff and Cliff berry in 1937-1942.
18. 1943 – Colossus – Tommy Flowers & Allen Coombs.
19. 1944 – Harvard Mark I – Howard Aiken & Grace Hopper.
20. 1946 – ENIAC – John Mauchly and John Presper Eckert.
21. 1947 – Transistor – William Shockely, John Bardeen & Walter Brattain.
22. 1949 – Magnetic core – Wang – Magnetic core memory.
23. 1949 – EDSAC – Maurice Wilkes – first stored program computer was built.
24. 1951 – UNIVAC 1 – J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly – first commercial computer in the US.
25. 1956 – Hard disk – IBM team led by Reynolds Johnson – father of disk drive – used in IBM 305 computers.
26. 1957 – PC – IBM (John Lentz) – the first PC was built IBM-610 for office use.
27. 1958 – Integrated circuit (IC) – Jack St. Clair Kilby & Robert Noyce – commercially available since 1961.
28. 1964 – Mouse and Windows – Douglas engelbart – developed the GUI and pointing device.
29. Compact Disk – James Russell.
30. 1965 – Minicomputer – Kenneth H. Olsen – first minicomputer 12-bit PDP-8.
31. 1970 – Bubble memory – Andrew Bobeck.
32. 1971 - Floppy disk - IBM engineers led by Alen Shugart - first 8-inch floppy disk was used in IBM 3330 computer.
33. 1971 - Intel 4004 - Intel (Federico Faggin, Ted Hoff, and Stan Mazor) - first single chip 4-bit microprocessor.
34. 1973 - Intel 8008 - Intel - first commercial assembly computer.
35. 1975 - Microcomputer - Ed Roberts - father of microcomputer.
36. 1975 - Microsoft - Bill Gates and Allen - manufacture of computer software and hardware.
37. 1976 - Seymour Cray - Cray 1 - first super computer.
38. 1979 - Laptop - William Moggridge - England.
39. 1981 - DOS - Microsoft - MSDOS operating system - IBM PC - Intel - 8088 microprocessor.
40. 1985 - MS Windows - Microsoft - first GUI for IBM Computer.
41. 2009 - Microsoft - Windows 7.
42. 2011 - Google - Google chrome OS.
43. 2015 - Microsoft - Windows 10.
History of computer in Nepal
1. 2018 BS FACIT - used for census.
2. 2028 BS - IBM 1401 - second generation mainframe computer used for census.
3. 2031 BS - NCC established.
4. 2038 BS - ICL 2950/10 second generation mainframe computer used for census.
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